Validation of two parent-reported autism spectrum disorders screening tools M-CHAT-R and SCQ in Bamako, Mali

Modibo Sangare, Hamza B. Toure, Amadou Toure, Adama Karembe, ... Daniel H. Geschwind

• Article 100188
• https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ensci.2019.100188
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• Abstract

  Early screening is crucial for early autism spectrum disorders (ASD) diagnosis and intervention. ASD screening tools have mostly been constructed based on the Western cultural context. We hypothesized that their use in Mali may require a prior validation.

  Objective

  To validate the modified checklist for autism in toddlers-Revised (M-CHAT-R) and the social communication questionnaire (SCQ) in the Malian sociocultural context for ASD screening.

  Conclusion

  M-CHAT-R has a perfect specificity and SCQ a fair diagnostic accuracy for ASD in Mali.

Evaluation of Vascular Event Risk while on Long-term Anti-retroviral Suppressive Therapy [EVERLAST]: Protocol for a prospective observational study

Fred Stephen Sarfo, Michelle Nichols, Mulugeta Gebregziabher, Raelle Tagge, ... Bruce Ovbiagele

• Article 100189
• https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ensci.2019.100189
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• Abstract

  Cardiovascular disease (CVD) risk among the HIV population is high due to a combination of accelerated atherosclerosis from the pro-inflammatory milieu created by chronic HIV infection and the potentially adverse metabolic side effects from cART (combination antiretroviral therapy) medications. Although sub-Saharan Africa (SSA) bears 70% of the global burden of HIV disease, there is a relative paucity of studies comprehensively assessing CVD risk among people living with HIV on the continent. The overarching objective of the Evaluation of Vascular Event Risk while on Long-term Anti-retroviral Suppressive Therapy (EVERLAST) Study is to characterize the burden of CVD among HIV patients on ART in Ghana, and explore factors influencing it.

  Conclusion

  EVERLAST will provide crucial insights into the unique contributions of ART exposure and environmental factors such as lifestyle, traditional beliefs, and socio-economic indicators to CVD risk among HIV patients in a resource-limited setting. Ultimately, findings from our study will be utilized to develop interventions that will be tested in a randomized controlled trial to provide evidence to guide CVD risk management in SSA.

Rate and associated factors of transient ischemic attack misdiagnosis

Alireza Sadighi, Alia Stanciu, Mihai Banciu, Vida Abedi, ... Ramin Zand

• Article 100193
• https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ensci.2019.100193
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• Abstract

  The goal of this study was to investigate the rate and associated factors of Transient Ischemic Attack (TIA) misdiagnosis.

  Methods

  We retrospectively analyzed consecutive patients with an initial diagnosis of TIA in the emergency department (ED) in a 9-month period. All hospitalized TIA patients were evaluated by a neurologist within 24 h and had at least one hospital discharge follow-up visit within three months. Patients' clinical data and neuroimaging were reviewed. The final diagnosis was independently verified by two stroke neurologists.

  Conclusion

  Our study indicates a high rate of TIA misdiagnosis in the emergency department, hospital, and outpatient clinics.

Bifocal germinoma of the septum pellucidum and the sellar-supra-sellar region: An uncommon presentation for a rare tumor

Monique Boukobza, Marc Polivka

• Article 100187
• https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ensci.2019.100187
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• Abstract

  Intracranial germinomas (IGs) are rare malignant germ cell tumors. The septum pellucidum (SP) is an extremely rare site of IGs. To our knowledge we report the first patient presenting with synchronous involvement of the SP and the sellar region. A 28-year-old woman presented with unsteady gait, mild left motor deficit, polydipsia and polyuria of 2-month duration. Imaging revealed a multicystic butterfly lesion in the SP extending to the frontal lobes, with unusual CT and MRI features, associated with a sellar area lesion. A navigation-guided biopsy revealed a pure germinoma. MRI at 12 months after the completion of the radiation therapy showed the resolution of the lesions. She achieved complete remission at 8-year follow-up. IG arising in the SP is rare but should be considered in the differential diagnosis, especially in young adult and particularly in male, presenting with multi-cystic lesion. The presence of a synchronous mass is a clue for the presumptive diagnosis of germinoma. These findings suggest that IG in SP may present as a large tumor with large cysts and may look as central neurocytoma. ADC value is helpful to differentiate them.

Recurrent rhombencephalomyelitis associated with allergen immunotherapy by mite antigen sublingual tablets

Masakazu Kawajiri, Junpei Koge, Tetsuya Hashimoto, Takeshi Yamada, ... Jun-ichi Kira

• Article 100190
• https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ensci.2019.100190
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Elevated lipid peaks during the recovery phase of Baló's concentric sclerosis: A case report

Shinichi Otsu, Satoru Ishibashi, Kokoro Ozaki, Takanori Yokota

• Article 100191
• https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ensci.2019.100191
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Fahr's syndrome with hyperparathyroidism revealed by seizures and proximal weakness

Kékouta Dembélé, Lassana Cissé, Samba Djimdé, Youlouza Coulibaly, ... Guida Landouré

• Article 100192
• https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ensci.2019.100192
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Bilateral intracerebral hemorrhage as a presentation of central nervous system vasculitis in a patient with dermatomyositis

Antonio Sánchez-Soblechero, Sergio López-Anguita, Fernando Díaz-Otero, Pilar Vázquez Alen

• Article 100181
• https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ensci.2019.01.005
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• Article 100195
• https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ensci.2019.100195
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