Journal of the Neurological Sciences issue 436 now available

Full length article - Published online: March 30, 2022

The meaning of non-culprit stenosis in hyperacute stroke with large vessel occlusion

Sakuta et al.

To diagnose atherosclerotic occlusion mechanism in acute ischemic stroke patients with large vessel occlusion prior to revascularization therapy is challenging. The aim was to verify the relationship between atherosclerotic occlusion and non-culprit stenosis detected in urgent neuroimaging prior to interventional procedure.

Full length article – Open Access - Published online: March 14, 2022

Platelet count is not associated with delayed cerebral ischemia after aneurysmal subarachnoid hemorrhage as defined by the 2010 consensus definition

Raatikainen et al.

Although delayed cerebral ischemia (DCI) commonly complicates recovery in survivors of aneurysmal subarachnoid hemorrhage (aSAH), its pathophysiology is incompletely understood. Previous studies examining the association of DCI and platelet count have demonstrated contradictory results. This study aimed to investigate this association in a cohort of aSAH patients using the 2010 consensus definition of DCI.

Clinical short communication - Published online: March 15, 2022

Inflammatory demyelinating polyneuropathy after the ChAdOx1 nCoV-19 vaccine may follow a chronic course

de Souza et al.

Rare autoimmune neurological events have been reported during the ongoing global drive for mass vaccination as a means of controlling the Covid-19 pandemic. Guillain-Barré syndrome, an acute inflammatory neuropathy well recognised as a rare complication of influenza vaccination, has been reported to follow administration of the ChAdOx1 nCoV-19 (AstraZeneca) vaccine.

We report four patients with inflammatory demyelinating polyneuropathy after vaccination in whom a relapsing or progressive course indicated the development of chronic inflammatory demyelinating polyneuropathy (CIDP).

Awareness of this complication and distinction from Guillain-Barré syndrome enables the timely institution of maintenance immunomodulatory treatment. Our report also highlights the likely relationship between vaccination and the subsequent development of CIDP, but definitive demonstration of a causal link needs larger studies.

Full length article – Open Access - Published online: February 23, 2022

Microstructural white matter abnormalities in multiple sclerosis and neuromyelitis optica spectrum disorders: Evaluation by advanced diffusion imaging

Kato et al.

Despite differences in the pathogenesis and treatment of multiple sclerosis (MS) and neuromyelitis optica spectrum disorders (NMOSD), it remains difficult to distinguish them. In this study, we aimed to discriminate between MS and NMOSD using diffusion tensor imaging (DTI), free water (FW) imaging, and neurite orientation dispersion and density imaging (NODDI).